Planning Tech

 

The Pathping command helps us to get information about our network when we have latency and when we loosing hops between the source computers to the destination we want to get.

When we using Pathping the command sends multiple Echo requests massages to each point our packet need to pass before she arrive to our destination(Router for example) and then checks the time of the returned packets from each point.

When we use Pathping we can determine on which point we have latency or network problems because Pathping checks how much packets we lost on each point from the source to the destination.

 

Pathping Syntax

C:\pathping – {Switch}

-n: this switch cause the command ignores tempting to resolve the IP addresses of intermediate points and their names.

-h: here we can specify the MAX number of hops between the path and the destination.

Note!

The Maximum hops by default are 30.

-p Period: here we can specify how much milliseconds we wait between pings

Note!

The default time is 0.25 of a second!

-q NumQueries: here we can specify the number of Echo requests sent to each point between the Source and the Destination.

Note!

By default we have 100 queries!

-w Timeout: Here we set the number of milliseconds when we wait for each replay.

Note!

3 seconds is the default (1000 Milli = 1 second).

TargetName: The destination we want to get the information about.

Example:

C:\pathping www.microsoft.com

Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7600]

Copyright (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

 

C:\Users\3>pathping www.microsoft.com

 

Tracing route to lb1.www.ms.akadns.net [207.46.192.254]

over a maximum of 30 hops:

  0  3-PC.siemens [10.0.0.7]

  1  SL2141.siemens [10.0.0.138]

  2  bzq-79-179-197-1.red.bezeqint.net [79.179.197.1]

  3     *        *     www.microsoft.com [207.46.192.254]

  4     *        *     www.microsoft.com [207.46.192.254]

  5     *     www.microsoft.com [207.46.192.254]

  6     *        *        *

Computing statistics for 125 seconds…

            Source to Here   This Node/Link

Hop  RTT    Lost/Sent = Pct  Lost/Sent = Pct  Address

  0                                           3-PC.siemens [10.0.0.7]

                                0/ 100 =  0%   |

  1    0ms     0/ 100 =  0%     0/ 100 =  0%  SL2141.siemens [10.0.0.138]

                                1/ 100 =  1%   |

  2   26ms     1/ 100 =  1%     0/ 100 =  0%  bzq-79-179-197-1.red.bezeqint.net

[79.179.197.1]

                                2/ 100 =  2%   |

  3   32ms     3/ 100 =  3%     0/ 100 =  0%  www.microsoft.com [207.46.192.254]

 

                                3/ 100 =  3%   |

  4   35ms     6/ 100 =  6%     0/ 100 =  0%  www.microsoft.com [207.46.192.254]

 

                                1/ 100 =  1%   |

  5   33ms     7/ 100 =  7%     0/ 100 =  0%  www.microsoft.com [207.46.192.254]

 

 

Trace complete.

 

C:\Users\3>

This command can help us modify and Display the ARP cache; The ARP contains one or more tables that store the IP address and their resolving names Physical addresses. Each Network Adapter has its own Unique ARP address.

To use ARP command we need to open the CMD:

Run -> CMD -> now we can use the ARP commands.

Syntax:

First if it’s the first time you use the Arp Syntax you can see all options that ARP has to offer:

C:\ ARP -> now you will see the Arp HELP Manuel.

Arp Parameters:

-a = this switch display the ARP cache tables for all interfaces.  If we want to display the ARP on specific IP address all we need to do is to type:

C:\arp –a -N  xx.xxx.xxx.x

Note!

-N is case sensitive!!!!

 

-S = this switch adds static entry to our Arp table that resolves the IP address to the Physical address , example for use :

IP : 10.10.10.2

MAC: 00-bb-vv-cd

Now we want to add entry to our cache that resolved the IP address to this MAC address :

Arp –s 10.10.10.2 00-bb-vv-cd

 

 

-d  = when we use this switch we deleted specific IP entry that saved on our cache or to delete all cache enters saved in our cache

To delete all entry in cache :

C:\Arp –d

To delete specific IP entery :

C:\arp –d  xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx